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Niacin (Nicotinamide,
Vitamin B-3)
 Alternative
names
Diet - niacin; Nicotinic acid
Definition
Niacin is a water-soluble vitamin necessary for many
aspects of health, growth, and reproduction. It is part of the vitamin B
complex.
Niacin is necessary for circulation and healthy skin. Also important to
nervous system function, improvements of the digestive system, and stabilizing
cholesterol levels. Niacin in large doses lowers serum levels of total
cholesterol, low-density lipoproteins (LDL), very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL),
and triglycerides. High doses increase
serum levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol. Niacin has been
tested for its effects on cardiovascular-disease risk factors in a number of
major trials. In the largest of these, the effect of niacin on cardiovascular
endpoints was studied. The study included 8,341 men who had suffered a heart
attack. In this randomized six-year study, niacin, given in 1 gram doses three
times a day, lowered cholesterol levels by 10% and triglyceride (fats) levels by
26%. There was a decrease of 27% in recurrent non-fatal heart attacks among the
niacin treated subjects. They also experienced 26% fewer cerebrovascular events.
Recommended Dietary Allowances: Men = 19 mg; Women = 15 mg; Pregnant Women =
17 mg
IMPORTANCE:
- Improves circulation and reduces the cholesterol level in the
blood
- maintains the nervous system
- helps metabolize protein, sugar & fat
- reduces high blood pressure
- increases energy through proper utilization of food
- prevents pellagra
- helps maintain a healthy skin, tongue & digestive system
DEFICIENCY SYMPTOMS:
- pellagra
- gastrointestinal disturbance
- nervousness
- headaches
- fatigue
- mental depression
- vague aches & pains
- irritability
- loss of appetite
- insomnia
- skin disorders
- muscular weakness
- indigestion
- bad breath
- canker sores
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